For Dostoevsky’s characters, to suffer is an inevitable and necessary element of purgation that must be embraced. For some characters, to suffer is to be cleansed, regardless of man’s response to suffering. But Dostoevsky believes suffering for suffering’s sake is not inherently productive.

Amidst and before Enlightenment dogma, Pope and Shakespeare reminded mankind of the world we live in and our place in it.

What an interaction between Satan and an angel in Paradise Lost teaches us about ethical and effective scorn.

How Dante, Augustine, and Aquinas help us understand why fully restored man can be free and unable to sin.

Reflections on the Aeneid as a myth of national identity when compared to the American myth.

An old adage goes: if you want people to know the truth, just tell them. But if you want someone to love the truth, show them.